Overview

Since the 2019 revolution, Sudan’s pathway to democracy has faced repeated disruptions, including a 2021 military takeover and nationwide conflict from April 2023. Civic space remains severely constrained, yet citizens continue to organize for rights and accountable governance.

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Timeline

  • 2019: Protest movement ousts long-time ruler; power-sharing transitional arrangement announced.
  • 2020–2021: Reform efforts amid economic crisis and security challenges.
  • Oct 2021: Military dissolves transitional institutions; mass pro-democracy protests.
  • 2022: Negotiations on civilian framework; stop-start dialogue.
  • Apr 2023 → present: Nationwide war between SAF and RSF; mass displacement; severe rights violations.
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Key Indicators

  • Political Rights & Civil Liberties: Very low scores; status “Not Free”.
  • Internet Freedom: Not Free; connectivity and rights under persistent pressure.
  • Civic Space: Protests frequently met with force; detentions and harassment reported.
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What Needs to Happen

  • Immediate protection of civilians and a nationwide ceasefire.
  • Release of detainees and accountability for grave abuses.
  • A credible, inclusive civilian-led transition with clear timelines.
  • Reforms: justice sector, security services, election management, media freedom.
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Independence · Integrity · Safety · Inclusion · Evidence‑led advocacy.

ADDRESS

Sudan Democracies

Al Sayed Ali Merghani Street - Khartoum North (Bahri) ,Sudan

info@sudandemocracies.org

→ Freedom House – Sudan Country Report

→ Human Rights Watch – Sudan

→ Amnesty International – Sudan


→ UN Human Rights Office – Sudan

→ International Crisis Group – Sudan

→ African Union – Peace and Security / Sudan